Potential second Viking site discovered in southwest Newfoundland

Archeologists have made a discovery that could change our understanding of the history of Vikings migrating to North America. To date, L'Anse Aux Meadows - located at Newfoundland's northernmost tip - near to Quirpon Lighthouse Inn - has been considered the only site offering authenticated evidence of a Norse presence on the North American continent. However, satellite imaging has led archeologist to Point Rosee - on the southwestern tip of Newfoundland, near to Cape Anguille Lighthouse Inn - to conduct a dig that may alter our understanding of the Vikings' historic movements. Initial evidence, while yet to be validated, suggests the Vikings may have spent a short and ultimately unsuccessful period attempting to settle in Newfoundland. Read more about this exciting discovery at the links below:

National Geographic - http://news.nationalgeographic.com/2016/03/160331-viking-discovery-north-america-canada-archaeology/ 

 CBC - http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/newfoundland-labrador/vikings-newfoundland-1.3515747

 BBC - http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-35935725

 NY Times - http://www.nytimes.com/2016/04/01/science/vikings-archaeology-north-america-newfoundland.html?_r=0

Wanderlust: 100 Greatest Travel Secrets – We are #1

The sea fog frothed over the headland like smoke from a magic potion. It wasn’t a stubborn, dense kind of fog, but a fluid, swirling shroud that flirted with the lighthouse and played tricks with the eye. Just when I thought it had snuffed out the sunrise, the fog would thin until a pale tangerine light seeped through its translucent cloaks. Then it would suddenly congeal into a stodgy peasouper, cool droplets misting my face; the foghorn rasping through the greyness and resonating across the veiled Atlantic.

“They’re out there.” Gerry, my guide at Quirpon Lighthouse Inn, has joined me on the helicopter pad for the daily dawn vigil. “You mean icebergs?” I said, glancing hopefully at the Canadian who had spent the past five summers at this northernmost point of Newfoundland. Gerry shook his head and laughed. “Maybe, maybe not. I was thinking more about our other visitors.”

There was a 26-second pause between each blast of the foghorn; 26 seconds of calm when all you could hear was a soft chuckle of waves against the base of the cliffs. But then another sound began to permeate the fog – soft and indistinct at first, then stronger and more rhythmic. It was the sound of whales breathing. “Humpbacks often come right into the cove below the lighthouse,” said Gerry. “Too bad about this fog.”

Too bad indeed. I was desperate to scan that ocean, to gaze north where the icebergs would appear on the horizon like tall ships under full sail. Carried south from Greenland on the Labrador Current, many would drift right past the 7km-long island of Quirpon (pronounced “Carpoon”), cruising Iceberg Alley before snagging on Newfoundland’s crinklecut coast.

Icebergs had become an obsession. One of my earliest travel memories was glimpsing them on a trans-Atlantic flight where, from 10,000m, they resembled grains of rice scattered on the sea around Greenland. On later trips I had witnessed bergs calving from glaciers in Spitsbergen and Alaska. But there was something altogether more mysterious and alluring about an ocean-going iceberg carried far from its polar birthplace.

I had barely paused in Deer Lake, my arrival point in Newfoundland, before driving six blinkered hours along the length of the Great Northern Peninsula and taking the boat across to Quirpon. “Welcome to the island, my dear. Come on in and make yourself a cup of tea.” Madonna, the lighthouse innkeeper had greeted me with typical Newfie exuberance. But no sooner had I stepped inside the wood-pannelled interior of the restored 1922 building than I was quizzing her about icebergs.

There was one in the bay about a week ago, I think,” Madonna had said before plying me with pancakes and bakeapple jam. “Got some of it in the freezer if you fancy a drink tonight.” The fog had blown in that evening but by noon the following day it was beginning to turn back. Although some 40,000 medium to large icebergs are shed by glaciers in Greenland every year, just 2% make it as far south as St. John’s, Newfoundland’s capital at 48?N. That still meant 800 or so icebergs would pass Quirpon each spring, their numbers peaking in June…

Soon my gaze began slipping from the horizon. There were too many wonderful distractions. At one point a squadron of gannets began plunge-diving for fish close offshore, folding their wings and hurling themselves at the sea in a salvo of black-tipped arrows. Porpoises then surfaced nearby, no doubt drawn to the commotion. And even when the feeding frenzy was over, the sea was rarely a blank canvas. Skeins of eider duck, puffin and black guillemot skimmed its surface, while kittiwake and gull pirouetted about the gentle swell.

Later that afternoon, Gerry took me sea kayaking, nosing into narrow inlets where the water was so clear I could see jellyfish pulsing deep below like globules of liquid amber. He showed me huge slabs of half-submerged rock where humpbacks whales often rubbed themselves, and described how the 15m-long leviathans occasionally surfaced alongside his kayak. We didn’t see or hear any blows during our paddle, but it was impossible to feel a frisson of excitement and anticipated as you glided inches about the water, wondering if the dappled patterns in the sea beneath you were about to morph into a 35-tonne whale.

Slowly, barely realizing it, I was being weaned off my fixation with icebergs. Newfoundland was seeping into my subconsciousness as, one by one, its other natural wonders demanded attention. I had arrived with the sole aim of spotting an iceberg – now I had whales on my mind.

Humpbacks were breaching offshore during my final evening at Quirpon, rising like plump exclamation marks above a peach-colored sea. As the fiery dusk faded over the Straits of Belle Isle, Gerry described how this area of sea, where the Gulf of St. Lawrence met the North Atlantic, was a feeding ground for numerous species of cetacean, from humpback to orca.

Inside the cozy Lighthouse Inn, Madonna served ‘Jiggs dinner’, Newfoundland’s traditional Sunday meal of salt beef, boiled potatoes, cabbage, turnip, carrot, pease pudding and dumplings with molasses. “Rough food, we call it,” said Madonna, heaping another pile of vegetables on my plate. “You probably saw how local folk grow it by the roadside when you drove up here.”

I nodded unconvincingly, but made a mental note to look out for the intriguing vegetable plots when I left Quirpon Island the following morning. There was much I’d overlooked in my race to reach the island. I now had four days to slowly backtrack to Deer Lake, determined not to become too distracted by icebergs. But Hubert, Quirpon’s boatman, had some news for the day.

“Fisherman just been on the radio. About 100 bergs on the south coast of Labrador. Could come across the Straits any day now.” So I lingered in the north, driving slowly through small fishing communities, snatching glances at the cobalt sea and trying to imagine how a cathedral spire of ice might transform these sheltered inlets and sleepy villages. I’d read that particularly large or unusually shaped bergs gained celebrity status when they ran aground here- hardly surprising when you consider what it must be like to draw your curtains one morning to find a 200,000 tonne, 60m-high ice mountain looming over your house…

Coastal Living: Of Ice & Men, Follow the path of glaciers and Vikings toward the untamed beauty of Canada’s remote Northern Peninsula.

 

Excerpt of text by Jeff Book

Standing atop an island cliff, Ed English looks out over the Strait of Belle Isle. “In March,” he says, “this looks like peppered porridge—a sea of ice floes speckled with seals.” Now, on a soft summer evening, it’s a salty blue stew flecked with white froth from waves and breaching whales. In the distance float the glacial fragments that give this part of Newfoundland (newfun-LAND) its nickname: Iceberg Alley.

After the spring thaw, the Labrador Current (that’s Labrador, visible across the strait) carries these massive ice chunks from Greenland, 1,000 miles away. They glide past Newfoundland’s north and east coasts, shrinking as they melt. And Quirpon (kar-POON) Island, at the tip of the province’s Great Northern Peninsula, makes an ideal viewpoint for both the bergs and the whales that arrive around the same time. Along with extravagantly long days and mild temperatures, they signal the sweet fullness of summer in this remote corner of North America.

A decade ago Ed bought the Quirpon Island lighthouse and its outbuildings, sight unseen. He turned them into a cozy inn, in a setting that, wrote one visitor, “Captain Ahab would give his other leg for.” Guests kayak among whales and icebergs. “Most of the bergs’ ice is underwater, and they sometimes capsize or calve, so you have to be careful,” he cautions as we paddle near a “bergy bit,” the term for a house-size formation (that one day will melt down to a grand piano–size “growler”). Across the cove, seals speed through the water like sleek black shadows. Close encounters with dolphins and sea otters are not uncommon. Nearby, guests gather on the clifftop helipad, watching for the plumes of breaching humpbacks feeding just offshore, so close we can hear them exhale in the evening calm…

…Up near Quirpon Island lies L’Anse aux Meadows, the peninsula’s other UNESCO World Heritage Site (with Gros Morne). Here, around 1000 A.D., Norsemen led by Leif Eriksson arrived from Greenland. Discovered in the 1960s, this National Historic Site yielded artifacts and the remains of sod houses, now carefully reconstructed. Interpreters in Viking garb shed light on the first known European settlement in the Americas, giving new meaning to “pre-Columbian.” What’s more, because the Vikings encountered local natives, this marks the closing of the so-called Great Circle, the first meeting of peoples from Europe and Asia whose ancestors migrated from Africa more than 100,000 years ago.

The Vikings returned home after a few years. Like them, later European settlers had to learn to survive in a challenging environment. Given their historic isolation, Newfoundlanders might be expected to be wary of outsiders. Yet I found them friendly and welcoming, given to addressing friends and strangers alike as “my lad” or “my darling.” Travel around the Great Northern Peninsula and you’ll find not only natural wonders, but also people whose warmth could melt an iceberg.

After the spring thaw, the Labrador Current (that’s Labrador, visible across the strait) carries these massive ice chunks from Greenland, 1,000 miles away. They glide past Newfoundland’s north and east coasts, shrinking as they melt. And Quirpon (kar-POON) Island, at the tip of the province’s Great Northern Peninsula, makes an ideal viewpoint for both the bergs and the whales that arrive around the same time. Along with extravagantly long days and mild temperatures, they signal the sweet fullness of summer in this remote corner of North America.

A decade ago Ed bought the Quirpon Island lighthouse and its outbuildings, sight unseen. He turned them into a cozy inn, in a setting that, wrote one visitor, “Captain Ahab would give his other leg for.” Guests kayak among whales and icebergs. “Most of the bergs’ ice is underwater, and they sometimes capsize or calve, so you have to be careful,” he cautions as we paddle near a “bergy bit,” the term for a house-size formation (that one day will melt down to a grand piano–size “growler”). Across the cove, seals speed through the water like sleek black shadows. Close encounters with dolphins and sea otters are not uncommon. Nearby, guests gather on the clifftop helipad, watching for the plumes of breaching humpbacks feeding just offshore, so close we can hear them exhale in the evening calm…

…Up near Quirpon Island lies L’Anse aux Meadows, the peninsula’s other UNESCO World Heritage Site (with Gros Morne). Here, around 1000 A.D., Norsemen led by Leif Eriksson arrived from Greenland. Discovered in the 1960s, this National Historic Site yielded artifacts and the remains of sod houses, now carefully reconstructed. Interpreters in Viking garb shed light on the first known European settlement in the Americas, giving new meaning to “pre-Columbian.” What’s more, because the Vikings encountered local natives, this marks the closing of the so-called Great Circle, the first meeting of peoples from Europe and Asia whose ancestors migrated from Africa more than 100,000 years ago.

The Vikings returned home after a few years. Like them, later European settlers had to learn to survive in a challenging environment. Given their historic isolation, Newfoundlanders might be expected to be wary of outsiders. Yet I found them friendly and welcoming, given to addressing friends and strangers alike as “my lad” or “my darling.” Travel around the Great Northern Peninsula and you’ll find not only natural wonders, but also people whose warmth could melt an iceberg.

London Free Press: Newfoundland Unchanged, but always changing

Excerpt

…A night at a nearby Quirpon Island Lighthouse gives some sense of what the Vikings encountered en route to this continent a thousand years ago.

Wind. Then fog.  And always, the shifting currents of the Strait of Belle Isle. Oh yes, and polar bears following the seals on ice floes from the north, and whales, too.

But they made it in their oaken boats without the aid of the Quirpon Lighthouse or, as fog set in recently, the added navigational aid of its intermittent fog horn booming through the soupy air of this most northerly part of Newfoundland.

The conditions change instantly and sudden sunlight gives you a view of Belle Isle and the coast of Labrador beyond in what only can be described as the soft air of Newfoundland. It is a view unchanged since the Vikings saw it….

There are plenty of other attractions in this relatively untravelled part of Newfoundland, as Ed English makes clear. Formerly with the Newfoundland and Labrador Department of Tourism, the unquenchably upbeat English teaches survival skills and runs kayak and tour operations (Linkum Tours and Explore Newfoundland) and owns the lighthouse/inn operation at Quirpon (pronounced kar-poon) and another on the coast of Newfoundland.

He knows the history of this place. His grandfather was captain of a boat that ran aground within sight of Quirpon. There is even a tome among Newfoundland’s estimable literature. The Curse of the Red Cross Ring is a true story about murder in the area…

Jim Kernaghan

Sunday Times: Escape the Crowds

Thirty great holidays you’ll have all to yourself – #5

Excerpt:

A Canadian wilderness of a more watery nature is to be found on Quirpon Island, at the northern tip of Newfoundland.  Here, in high summer, you can watch icebergs drifting south along the Labrador Current, and see humpback and minke whales, dolphins and sea birds, all of which come to breed at this crucial maritime crossroads.  Nearby is- the site of the only confirmed Viking settlement in North America.

Zoomer Canada: Psst! Most Canadians Don’t Know That Western Newfoundland is a Winter Wonderland

…Visits picturesque villages in the park – like Woody Point and Trout River – where fisihing boats are moored and lobster pots stacked. Contact Linkum Tours for accomodations or guided snowshoeing or backcountry skiing. (You may be trekking in T-shirts by late March). With luck, your guide will be Ed English, whose grandfather famously ran the SS Ethie ashore nearby in a 1919 hurricane, saving all 92 aboard. Ed’s energy is legendary and his non-stop stories gruesome yet hilarious.

Jane MacAulay

 

Globe & Mail: Caving On The Rock – How to be cool with your kids

…remember that a surprising diversion is available just below the snow. Linkum Tour’s year-round cave tours kick off with a hike or snowshoe down the Corner Brook Gorge, followed by 1 km of sliding, shimmying and crawling through the Corner Brook caves. A twisting network of limestone chutes and caverns, the caves were carved over millennia by the Corner Brook Stream. And the names of some of the cave’s formations – Dinosaur Teeth, Rat’s Crawl, and Whale’s Back should give you an idea of the adventure involved.

 

BBC, PRI and WGBH Geo Quiz

The following is a website transcript from a radio interview for 12,000,000 listeners to BBC World and Public Radio International:

PART 1:

Make your way to the Great Northern Peninsula for today’s Geo Quiz. We’re looking for the name of an island today that forms part of a Canadian province.

The western side of the island is called The Great Northern Peninsula.

At the very northern tip of the peninsula there’s a tiny island called Quirpon Island. It looks out on the Strait of Belle Isle. A waterway that’s popular with Orcas and humpbacks and photographer Peter Potterfield:

“When I got to Quirpon Island it was just astounding it’s the only place I had to worry about my photographic gear getting splashed by whales. You get that close to them because the whales get so close to the island.”

We’ll hear more about Quirpon Island and the Great Northern Peninsula, but first take a crack at naming this island in the North Atlantic.

The answer’s coming up…

PART 2:

Time now to retrace our steps to reach the Great Northern Peninsula. It puts us on the coast of Newfoundland, part of the Canadian province of ‘Newfoundland and Labrador’, the answer to our Geo Quiz.

Peter Potterfield recently spent some time hiking there. He’s researching new trails for the next edition of his book: Classic Hikes of The World. Potterfield’s starting point was Newfoundland’s Gros Morne National Park:

(Peter Potterfield) “I just finished a 4-day hike, doing a 25 mile route without any trails at all, you are forced to use a map and a compass the entire way, we didn’t see a soul on the trail. Can you imagine, 25 miles, but we did see a moose and fox and at one of our campsite, we had a mother ptarmigan hen with 4 chicks and they were running all around the campsite during the night, it’s a beautiful place here. But each trip has a surprise for me when I’m looking for a great hike, and the local Newfoundlander who helped me out and helped me get where I needed to go a guy named Ed English suggested we go up to Quirpon island, this is the extreme tip of Newfoundland, in fact you can look over to Labrador. Ed has a lighthouse inn up there and its a spectacular place and its a functioning navigational aid. The light still flashes every 15 seconds, but what’s really amazing is to wake up to the sound of humpbacks, and orcas. it’s a fabulous experience and I’ll let Ed describe what makes it so special.”

(Ed English) “It turns out we have a unique spot because the fish supply, the food that whales want is just incredible there. There’s a little narrow strip of water that separates Newfoundland from the rest of North America and all the fish that want to go back and forth between the North Atlantic and the big Gulf of St Lawrence all have to go past our doorstep so it’s essentially a never ending conveyor belt of food. That draws in the whales and then we’re lucky because right at the lighthouse rocks its about 200 feet deep so you can literally sit with your feet dangling in the water, looking down through your toes and see humpback whales driving the fish in against the cliffs under your feet and then just surfacing. You can reach out and touch them quite frequently.”

That narrow strip of water is called the Strait of Belle Isle. From high up in the lighthouse, Ed English says the view is breathtaking:

(Ed English) “Water. It really does feel like the ends of the earth out there…the sun sets over Labrador, so you can see the sunset off to the left as you’re facing north. If you’re standing at our helipad and you look due west, you’re looking at the Viking site over at Lancing Meadows. It’s the only Viking site in North America they were there 500 years before Columbus and lived there for a few years. Its a UNESCO World Heritage Site, very important, archaeologically. If you look to your right as you’re facing north all you see is clear ocean and if you could see far enough you’d be looking at Ireland.”

There are often as many as 50 icebergs in sight. They float down from Greenland and Baffin Island on the Labrador Current.

(Ed English) “The icebergs just come down and smash into the rocks, they’re huge, as big as mountains, so you can imagine a beautiful day, it’s hot, and all of sudden, you’re out walking and you come around the corner – there’s an ice mountain and its just an amazing sight to see, constantly changing because its always rolling around and breaking apart. (Potterfield) If I were to succinctly describe the last 8 days in Newfoundland, I would provide a photograph of the wild terrain up on the Arctic plateau that you’ve got to find your way across for 20 miles using map and compass, that’s got to be seen to be believed, a picture of the big moose, the caribou, and a picture of the whales frolicking beyond the lighthouse up on Quirpon Island, I think that pretty much says it all!”

William Gray